Softskill_Meeting 3
In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus. The warm climate for outdoor activities, the need for preparedness in war, and their lifestyle caused the Greeks to create competitive sports. Only the elite and military could participate at first, but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record. The Greeks emphasized physical fitness and strength in their education of youth. Therefore, contest in running, jumping, discuss and javelin throwing, boxing, and horse and chariot racing were held in individual cities, and the winners competed every four years at Mount Olympus. Winners were greatly honored by having olive wreaths placed on their heads and having poems sung about their deeds. Originally these contests were held as games of friendship, and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place. They also helped to strengthen bonds among competitors and the different cities represented.
The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C. The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods. Any who disobeyed the rules were dismissed and seriously punished. These athletes brought shame not only to themselves, but also to the cities they represented.

1. Which of the following is NOT true?
a. Winners placed olive wreaths on their own heads.
b. The games were held in Greece every four years.
c. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games.
d. Poem glorified the winners in song.
Jawabannya : c. Battles were interrupted to participate in the games. Karena dalam paragraph 2 kalimat ke 2 dijelaskan “The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods.”

2. The word “elite” in line 5 is closest in meaning to…
a. Aristocracy c. intellectuals
b. Brave d. muscular
Jawaban : a. Aristocracy. Arti dari “elite” adalah orang terkemuka, golongan atas atau golongan masyarakat elit dan lata yang hampir sama artinya adalah Aristocracy yang berarti kaum bangsawan.

3. Why were the Olympic Games held?
a. To stop wars c. To crown the best athletes
b. To honor Zeus d. To sing songs about the athletes
Jawaban : b. To honor Zeus. Pada paragraph satu, kalimat pertama dijelaskan bahwa “In 776 B.C., the first Olympic Games were held at the foot of Mount Olympus to honor the Greeks’ chief god, Zeus.”

4. Approximately how many years ago did these games originate?
a. 800 years b. 1,200 years c. 2,300 years d. 2,800 years
Jawaban : d. 2800 years. Dalam paragraph di atas dikatakan bahwa Olympic Games pertama kali diselenggarakan tahun 776 B.C (776 sebelum masehi) dan sekarang tahun 2012 maka Olympic games terjadi sejak 2012 + 776 = 2788, kira-kira sekitar 2800 tahun yang lalu.

5. What conclusion can we draw about the ancient Greeks?
a. They were pacifists.
b. They believed athletic events were important
c. They were very simple
d. They couldn’t count, so they used “Olympiads” for dates
Jawaban : b. They believed athletic events were important. Pada paragraph ke dua, kalimat pertama dijelaskan bahwa “The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”

6. What is the main idea of this passage?
a. Physical fitness was an integral part of the lives of the ancient Greeks
b. The Greeks severely punished those who did not participate in physical fitness programs
c. The Greeks had always encouraged everyone to participate in the games
d. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over.
Jawaban : d. The Greeks had the games coincide with religious festivities so that they could go back to war when the games were over. Terdapat pada paragraph pertamadi kalimat ke-tujuh “and any wars in progress were halted to allow the games to take place” dan paragraph dua kalimat ke-dua “The contest coincided with religious festivities and constituted an all-out effort on the part of the participants to please the gods”.

7. In line 14, the word “deeds” is closest in meaning to
a. Accomplishments
b. Ancestors
c. Documents
d. Property
Jawaban : a. Accomplishments. The word “deeds” is closest in meaning to “accomplishments”, because the meaning of the word“accomplishments” is literally means completion,accomplishment, or skill.

8. Which of the following was ultimately required of all athletes competing in the Olympics?
a. They must have completed military service
b. They had to attend special training sessions
c. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record
d. They had to be very religious
Jawaban : c. They had to be Greek males with no criminal record. As described in paragraph one in the sentence “…but later the games were open to all free Greek males who had no criminal record”.

9. The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as ..
a. Encourages
b. Started
c. Curtailed
d. Fixed

Jawaban : Curtailed. The word “halted” in line 16 means most nearly the same as “curtailed” because the meaning of "Halted" is suspended, in the sentence above that can alsomean "curtailed" the meaning is restricted orreduced.

10. What is an “Olympiad”?
a. The time it took to finish the games
b. The time between games
c. The it took to finish a war
d. The time it took the athletes to train

Jawaban : b. The time between games. As described in paragraph two in the sentence “The Greeks attached so much importance to the games that they calculated time in four-year cycles called “Olympiads,” dating from 776 B.C.”.


STYLISTIC PROBLEMS
1. The defendant refused to answer the prosecutor’s questions ____________
a. Because he was afraid it would incriminate him.
b. For fear that they will incriminate him
c. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
d. Fearing that he will be incriminated by it
Jawaban : c. Because he was afraid that his answers would incriminate him
Analyze :
In a matter of note that the "questions" is the plural form. So choice C is the right answer because "thathis answers" is also plural.

2. Mrs. Walker has returned_______________
a. A wallet back to its original owner
b. To its original owner the wallet
c. The wallet to its originally owner
d. The wallet to its original owner
Jawaban : c. The wallet to its original owner
Analyze :
"... has returned" is a verb that must follow the nounthen the correct answer is D, the noun is “the wallet” and the adverd is original owner NOT originally owner.

3. The hospital owes____________ for the construction of the new wing.
a. The government twenty million dollars
b. For the government twenty million dollars
c. To the government twenty million dollars
d. Twenty million of dollars to the government
Jawaban : a. The government twenty million dollars
Analyze :
Basically the structure of the sentence after theverb and then continued with the object. So answer Ais the most appropriate.

4. Sarah ____________ that she could not attend classes next week.
a. Told to her professors
b. Said her professors
c. Told her professors
d. Is telling her professors
Jawaban : d. Is telling her professors
Analyze :
At the sentence would be active, and the presentsentence. So the best answer is the answer D.


5. The artist was asked to show some paintings at the contest because___________
a. He painted very good
b. They believed he painted well
c. Of their belief that he was an good artist
d. The judges had been told of his talents
Jawaban : b. They believed he painted well
Analyze :
Of the four answers provided the most appropriatearrangement is the answer B because after verb(painted) takes an adverb (well) is not an adjective.


6. If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and
A B C
have to pay a fine.
D
Jawaban : If motorists do not observe the traffic regulations, they will be stopped, ticketed, and have to be pay a fine.
Analyze :
Stopped and ticketed because it is in the passive voice,then "have to pay" should also be in the passive voice.Then changed to "have to be paid".

7. Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsals, did not show up last night
A B
because he had an accident on his way to the practice.
C D
Answer : Fred, who usually conducts the choir rehearsal, did not show up last night because he had an accident on his way to the practice.
Analyze :
The word of “rehearsals” do not need the letter 's'because it is not a verb of "the choir".

8. A short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreams of her daughter
A B C
who lives overseas.
D
Answer : A short time before her operation last month, Mrs. Carlyle dreamed of her daughter
who lives overseas.
Analyze :
Above sentence is past tense form. "dreams" should also be past. Then changed to "dreamed".

9. The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all
A B
who have the good fortune to visit there.
C D
Answer : The atmosphere in Andalucía is open, warm, and gives a welcome feeling to all that have the good fortune to visit there.
Analyze :
The word "that" used to describe the word "theatmosphere".

10. Some of the people were standing in the street watched the parade,
A B C
while others were singing songs.
D
Answer : Some of the people were standing in the street watching the parade, while others were singing songs. The sentence is present, so the correct answer is C "watching"

Tugas Bahasa Inggris Bisnis 2

7. Some of the fruit are rotten.

The correct answer : Some of the fruit is rotten.
subjectnya fruit, harusnya pada kata fruit diatas diikuti dengan verbnya is.

TOEFEL EXERCISE
2. The languages of the world presents a vast array of structural similiarities and differences.

The correct answer A : present
The languages of the world present a vast array of structural similiarities and differences.

The reason :
The languages adalah subject. The languages merupakan plural dan seharusnya diikuti juga dengan plural verb.
Yang salah pada kalimat diatas adalah presents, seharusnya present, karena kata present di kalimat tersebut merupakan “saat ini” dan bukan berupa verb.

3. The rise of multinationals have resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity because

multinationals can operate in so many jurisdictions.


The correct anwer A : has
The rise (of multinationals) has resulted in a great deal of legal ambiguity because multinationals can operate in so many jurisdictions.

The reason :
Disini terlihat subjectnya The rise, dan merupakan singular
Of multinationals merupakan prepositional, dan merupakan plural
Oleh karena itu verbnya harus diganti dengan has, karena verb harus mengikuti subjectnya yang merupan singular.

4. All of the east-west interstate highways in the United States has even numbers, while north-

south interstate highways are odd-nubered.

The correct answer A : have
All (of the east-west interstate) highways in the United States have even numbers, while north-
south interstate highways are odd-numbered.

The reason :
Subject nya adalah All dan merupakan plural. Sedangkan of the east-west interstate merupakan preposition. Karena subjectnya plural, maka verbnya harus diganti dengan have.

5. When a massive star in the large magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave of neutrions were

detected on Earth.


The correct answer C : was
When a massive star in the large magellanic Cloud exploded in 1987, a wave (of neutrions) was
detected on Earth.

The reason :
A wave subject dan merupakan singular, harusnya diikuti dengan singular verb yaitu was.
Of neutrions preposional, berasa antara subject dan verb. Walaupun prepositionalnya plural, tapi subjectnya singular, maka verb harus menikuti subjectnya berubah menjadi was.

6. Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes are occupied by the

white-crowned sparrow.

The correct answer C : is
Every open space in the targeted area that has grass and a few bushes is occupied by the
white-crowned sparrow.

The reason :
A few bushes subject dan singular. A few artinya sedikit yang diikuti dengan bushes kata benda yang artinya dapat dihitung. Karena subjectnya singular maka harus diikuti dengan verbnya is.

7. Krakatoa is remembered as the volcano that put so much ash into the air that sunsets around

the world was affected for two years afterward.


The correct answer C : were affected
Krakatoa is remembered as the volcano that put so much ash into the air that sunsets around
the world were affected for two years afterward.

The reason :
Subjectnya sunsets dan merupakan plural. Karena sujectnya plural maka diikuti dengan verbnya menjadi were affected.




8. The term “Yankee” was originally a nickname for people from New England, but now anyone

from the United States are referred to as a Yankee.

The correct answer B : is
The term “Yankee” was originally a nickname for people from New England, but now anyone
from the United States is referred to as a Yankee.

The reason :
Subjectnya anyone dan merupakan singular. Olehkarena itu harus diikuti dengan verbnya is.

9. A network ao small arteries, mostly sandwiched betweer, the skin and the underlying muscles,

supply blood to the face and scalp.

The correct answer C : supplies
A network of small arteries, mostly sandwiched betweer, the skin and the underlying muscles,
supplies blood to the face and scalp.

The reason :
Subjectnya muscles dan merupakan plural. Karena plural maka subject diikuti dengan noun supplies.

10. Mesquite is a small tree in the Southwest who can withstand the severest drought.

The correct answer C : which
Mesquite is a small tree in the Southwest which can withstand the severest drought.

The reason :
Subjectnya (person). Karena subjectnya tidak disebutkan dalam kalimat (person), which digunakan untuk mengganti (non-person)